The Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea constitutes the most important source of information concerning the reign of Justinian. Among Procopius’ work the Secret History, holds a distinct position, as in this a total evaluation of morals and the state of the most famous emperor of Byzantium is attempted, although with prejudiced and critical disposal. In the present study it is proved that the main objective of the abstract writer of the Secret History is to tarnishes the portrait of Justinian as a servant of the law and –given that in the political thought of “homo byzantinus” the justice constitutes one of the most important virtues of the ideal prince- leads the recipient of his narration to the conclusion that the emperor in question consists a model of a tyrant.

The “post-industrial” construction of west societies do not redefine only the relationship collective- private. It is possible that it redefines the politics which are primarily related to this relationship through the legislative and political support of the individual trends and of the politics of instruction. By this article it is made an effort to compose a theoretical reflection that is related to the above and to the role of the instruction in the field of social incorporation.

This article is part of a greater research related with gender differences in all aspects of mathematical education in primary school. Specifically, this article deals with two very important parts of mathematical education: problem solving and activities concerning spatial ability. The review of the related literature reveals that boys tend to do better than girls in word problems and exercises that appeal to the spatial ability of the children.
The sample of the study, which was carried out in the context of this project, consisted of 139 sixth grade pupils from the prefecture of Evros, Greece.  Children were asked to answer to a questionnaire-test containing 23 questions aiming at investigating their knowledge of basic mathematical facts and their attitudes to school mathematics. Of course, it will be analyzed only what is related with problem solving and spatial ability. The results of the study showed that boys’ and girls’ performance in mathematics differed in questions concerning the problem solving (mostly higher for boys) and the spatial orientation (higher for girls). 

The Hearing and the Deaf, face their inclusion in society in a very different way. The Hearing tend to design and implement practices for the Deaf without the inclusion of the latter. This practice has resulted in the inactivity and the exclusion of the Deaf Community in general. The research was conducted using structured interviews with 123 Deaf (60 women and 63 men) adults (18- 65), from Belgium (32), Denmark (27), Greece (44) and Spain (20). According to the results of our research, the Deaf express the need for school improvement and they suggest solutions to current problems. The results will contribute to the improvement of educational practices and they will enrich and empower Deaf and Hearing communities.